Growing Up: The most Meaningful Lesson :: Virtue Upbringing Virtues Paper

Growing Up: The most Meaningful Lesson As I was growing up, I was constantly taught how I should treat others as well as how I should present myself. It was difficult for me to comprehend the importance of these concepts, but I always knew that obtaining these types of qualities was going to lead to pleasing my parents. It was later on in my life that I understood that these aspects were known as virtues. Virtues are valuable qualities of life to which everyone should aspire in order to live a more rewarding and joyful life. It is important to achieve as many virtues as possible while growing up, because having virtues is the core essence of peace and satisfaction. Throughout the process of maturing, every person must choose the virtues that he or she desires to represent his or her life. According to a book titled Friends of God: Human Virtues, by JoseMaria Escriva, there is not one virtue that is more important or superior than the rest. This is proven when she states, â€Å"It is not a matter of practicing one or even a number of virtues. We have to acquire and to practice all of them. Each individual virtue is interwoven with the others and thus our effort to be sincere will also make us upright, cheerful, prudent and composed† (Escriva 76). All virtues play an important role in a person’s life, and all virtues have certain benefits for achieving them. As one gets older, and advances in life, he or she will come to realize that virtues are the roadmaps to a more righteous life. The absolute control of one’s emotions, desires, or actions is the virtue of self-control. Although the greatest outcomes come from achieving this virtue, self-control is very hard to achieve due to the fact that it must be achieved completely upon one’s own w ill, and that it takes a lot of practice and time. There are many temptations and luxuries of life that limit our powers on having absolute self-control over our bodies and minds. One of the greatest examples of this virtue is Siddhartha. Throughout his childhood and into his teenage years, Siddhartha had a strong grasp over his mind and soul. He meditated and had a great desire for knowledge and wisdom. He knew how to fast for great periods of time and practiced self-discipline so frequently, that it became effortless to act accordingly.

Karma Essay -- Spiritual Religion Philosophy Essays

Karma The doctrine of Karma is a spiritual doctrine based on the theory of cause and effect. Although Karma does not exactly fit the definition of supernatural phenomenon it is a spiritual doctrine based on the philosophy that God is not responsible for the happiness or failure of an individual, rather, we as individuals are solely responsible for the consequences of our own behavior. The concept of Karma has two major interpretations; the most common approaches are to the idea of reincarnation, particularly in the West where the idea has almost no existence. In the East, people believe in reincarnation and hold a fatalistic idea of Karma. I favor neither westerner nor easterner extremist approaches to Karma Doctrine. I on the other hand favor only the basic concept of the Karma, since it has gradually inspired me to become a better person. It has motivated me to neglect the satisfaction of my enlarging ego and instead it has encouraged me to take responsibility for my actions; hoping that with this attitude, I might one day achieve peace of body and mind. The West shows almost no interest in the law of Karma. This is due to its strong links to reincarnation. Most westerners refuse to believe in the transmigration of souls. Believing that you could be a human being in one life and an animal in the succeeding life, is a basic idea of reincarnation that some of us refuse to accept. For example, the act of swatting a fly could be perceived as killing a person, perhaps your mother in a past life. I myself have a hard time believing in such occurrence. If in fact westerners show interest in reincarnation, it is only with a skeptical curiosity of knowing who they were in previous lives. In the west, no serious research is done ... ...can deal with his own Karma. It is not until we find the right relationship with each other, with ourselves, nature and with whole of which we are a part, we will go on making bad Karma. Learning about the Karma doctrine has brought nothing but positive effects in my life, it has slowly enhanced my desire to become more spiritual and at peace with everyone and everything around me. "My belief is correct for me-you have to find the belief that is correct for you and it will not necessarily be the same as my belief." www.etext.org. Works Cited Ajayi, J.F ADE. "On the politics of Being Mortal" in Verdug, Carol (ed.) Making Contact: Reading from Home and Abroad. Boston: Bedford Books, 1997 Chakravarti, Siddhanta.Karma. Netscape Navigator. http://www.sconline.com. Indiana University of Pennsylvania. Reincarnation. Netscape Navigator. http://www.etext.org/

Customer Review Essay

1. Describe the Michelson Morley experiment and discuss the importance of its negative result. 2. Calculate the fringe shift in Michelson-Morley experiment. Given that: [pic], [pic], [pic], and [pic]. 3. State the fundamental postulates of Einstein special theory of relativity and deduce from them the Lorentz Transformation Equations . 4. Explain relativistic length contraction and time dilation in special theory of relativity? What are proper length and proper time interval? 5. A rod has length 100 cm. When the rod is in a satellite moving with velocity 0.9 c relative to the laboratory, what is the length of the rod as measured by an observer (i) in the satellite, and (ii) in the laboratory?. 6. A clock keeps correct time. With what speed should it be moved relative to an observer so that it may appear to lose 4 minutes in 24 hours? 7. In the laboratory the ‘life time’ of a particle moving with speed 2.8x108m/s, is found to be 2.5Ãâ€"10-7 sec. Calculate the proper life time of the particle. 8. Derive relativistic law of addition of velocities and prove that the velocity of light is the same in all inertial frame irrespective of their relative speed. 9. Two particles come towards each other with speed 0.9c with respect to laboratory. Calculate their relative speeds. 10. Rockets A and B are observed from the earth to be traveling with velocities 0.8c and 0.7 c along the same line in the same direction. What is the velocity of B as seen by an observer on A? 11. Show that the relativistic invariance laws of conservation of momentum leads to the concept of variation of mass with speed and mass energy equivalence. 12. A proton of rest mass [pic] is moving with a velocity of 0.9c. Calculate its mass and momentum. TUTORIAL SHEET: 1 (Module1: Special Theory of Relativity) . 13. The speed of an electron is doubled from 0.2 c to 0.4 c. By what ratio does its momentum increase? 14. A particle has kinetic energy 20 times its rest energy. Find the speed of the particle in terms of ‘c’. 15. Dynamite liberates about 5.4Ãâ€"106 J/Kg when it explodes. What fraction of its total energy is in this amount? 16. A stationary body explodes into two fragments each of mass 1.0 Kg that move apart at speeds of 0.6 c relative to the original body. Find the mass of the original body. 17. At what speed does the kinetic energy of a particle equals its rest energy? 18. What should be the speed of an electron so that its mass becomes equal to the mass of proton? Given: mass of electron=9.1Ãâ€"10-31Kg and mass of Proton =1.67Ãâ€"10-27Kg. 19. An electron is moving with a speed 0.9c. Calculate (i) its total energy and (ii) the ratio of Newtonian kinetic energy to relativistic energy. Given: [pic] and[pic]. 20. (i) Derive a relativistic expression for kinetic energy of a particle in terms of momentum. (ii) Show that the momentum of a particle of rest mass [pic] and kinetic energy [pic], is given by[pic]. 21. Find the momentum (in MeV/c) of an electron whose speed is 0.60 c. Verify that v/c = pc/E TUTORIAL SHEET: 2(a) (Module2: Wave Mechanics) 1. What do you understand by the wave nature of matter? Obtain an expression of de Broglie wavelength for matter waves. 2. Calculate the de-Broglie wavelength of an electron and a photon each of energy 2eV. 3. Calculate the de-Broglie wavelength associated with a proton moving with a velocity equal to 1/20 of the velocity of light. 4. Show that the wavelength of a 150 g rubber ball moving with a velocity of [pic] is short enough to be determined. 5. Energy of a particle at absolute temperature T is of the order of [pic]. Calculate the wavelength of thermal neutrons at[pic]. Given: [pic], [pic] and [pic]. 6. Can a photon and an electron of the same momentum have the same wavelengths? Calculate their wavelengths if the two have the same energy. 7. Two particles A and B are in motion. If the wavelength associated with particle A is [pic], calculate the wavelength of the particle B if its momentum is half that of A. 8. Show that when electrons are accelerated through a potential difference V, their wavelength taking relativistic correction into account is [pic] , where e and [pic] are charge and rest mass of electrons, respectively. 9. A particle of rest mass m0 has a kinetic energy K. Show that its de Broglie wavelength is given by [pic] TUTORIAL SHEET: 2(a) (Module2: Wave Mechanics) 16. Explain Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Describe gamma ray microscope experiment to establish Heisenberg uncertainty principle. 17. How does the Heisenberg uncertainty principle hint about the absence of electron in an atomic nucleus? 18. Calculate the uncertainty in momentum of an electron confined in a one-dimensional box of length[pic]. Given:[pic] . TUTORIAL SHEET: 2(b) (Module 2: Wave Mechanics) 1. Differentiate between ÃŽ ¨ and IÃŽ ¨I2. Discuss Born postulate regarding the probabilistic interpretation of a wave function. 2. Write down the set of conditions which a solution of Schrà ¶dinger wave equation satisfies to be called a wave function. 3. What do you mean by normalization and orthogonality of a wave function? 4. Show that if potential energy V(x) is changed everywhere by a constant, the time independent wave equation is unchanged. What is the effect on the energy Eigen values? 5. Show that[pic], where [pic]the reduced mass and B is the binding energy of the particles. 6. Show that [pic]is an acceptable eigen function, where k is some finite constant. Also normalize it over the region[pic]. 7. Explain the meaning of expectation value of x. write down the Eigen operators for position, linear momentum and total energy. 8. Show that time independent Schrà ¶dinger equation is an example of Eigen value equation. 9. Derive the time independent Schrà ¶dinger equation from time dependent equation for free particle. 10. For a free particle, show that Schrà ¶dinger wave equation leads to the de-Broglie relation [pic]. 11. Derive expression for probability current density or particle flux. Also , show that the probability density Ï  and probability current density [pic] satisfy the continuity equation[pic] TUTORIAL SHEET: 2(b) (Module 2: Wave Mechanics) 12. Write Schrà ¶dinger equation for a particle in a box and determine expression for energy Eigen value and Eigen function. Does this predict that the particle can possess zero energy? 13. Find the expectation values of the position and that of momentum of a particle trapped in a one dimensional rigid box of length L. 14. The potential function of a particle moving along positive x-axis is given by V(x) = 0for x < 0 V(x) = V0for x [pic] 0 Calculate the reflectance R and transmittance T at the potential discontinuity and show that R+T=1. 15. An electron is bounded by a potential which closely approaches an infinite square well of width[pic]. Calculate the lowest three permissible quantum energies the electron can have. 16. A particle is moving in one dimensional box and its wave function is given by [pic]. Find the expression for the normalized wave function. 17. Calculate the value of lowest energy of an electron moving in a one-dimensional force free region of length 4[pic]. 18. A particle of mass [pic]kg is moving with a speed of [pic] in a box of length[pic]. Assume this to be one dimensional square well problem, calculate the value of n. 19. A beam of electron impinges on an infinitely wide energy barrier of height 0.03 eV, find the fraction of electrons reflected at the barrier if the energy of the electrn is (a) 0.025 eV (b) 0.030 eV (c) 0.040 eV TUTORIAL SHEET: 3(a) (Module 3: Atomic Physics) 1. What are the essential features of Vector Atom model? Also discuss the quantum numbers associated with this model. 2. For an electron orbit with quantum number l = 2, state the possible values of the components of total angular momentum along a specified direction. 3. Differentiate between L-S coupling (Russel-Saunders Coupling) and j-j coupling schemes. 4. Find the possible value of J under L-S and j-j coupling scheme if the quantum number of the two electrons in a two valence electron atom are n1 = 5 l1 = 1 s1 =1/2 n2 = 6 l2 = 3 s2 = 1/2 5. Find the spectral terms for 3s 2d and 4p 4d configuration. 6. Applying the selection rule, show which of the following transitions are allowed and not allowed D5/2 [pic] P3/2; D3/2 [pic] P3/2 ; D3/2 [pic] P1/2 ; P3/2 [pic] S1/2 ; P1/2 [pic] S1/2 7. What is Paschen back effect? Show that in a strong magnetic field, anomalous Zeeman pattern changes to normal Zeeman pattern. 8. Why does in normal Zeeman effect a singlet line always splitted into three components only. 9. Illustrate Zeeman Effect with the example of Sodium D1 and D2 lines. 10. An element under spectroscopic examination is placed in a magnetic field of flux density 0.3 Web/m2. Calculate the Zeeman shift of a spectral line of wavelength 450 nm. 11. The Zeeman components of a 500 nm spectral line are 0.0116 nm apart when the magnetic field is 1.0 T. Find the ratio (e/m) for the electron. 12. Calculate wavelength separation between the two component lines which are observed in Normal Zeeman effect, where – the magnetic field used is 0.4 weber/m2 , the specific charge- 1.76x1011Coulomb/kg and ÃŽ »=6000[pic]. TUTORIAL SHEET: 3(b) (Module 3: Atomic Physics) 1. Distinguish between spontaneous and stimulated emission. Derive the relation between the transition probabilities of spontaneous and stimulated emission. 2. What are the characteristics of laser beams? Describe its important applications. 3. Calculate the number of photons emitted per second by 5 mW laser assuming that it emits light of wavelength 632.8 nm. 4. Explain (a) Atomic excitations (b) Transition process (c) Meta stable state and (d) Optical pumping. 5. Find the intensity of laser beam of 15 mW power and having a diameter of 1.25 mm. Assume the intensity to be uniform across the beam. 6. Calculate the energy difference in eV between the energy levels of Ne-atoms of a He-Ne laser, the transition between which results in the emission of a light of wavelength 632.8nm. 7. What is population inversion? How it is achieved in Ruby Laser? Describe the construction of Ruby Laser. 8. Explain the operation of a gas Laser with essential components. How stimulated emission takes place with exchange of energy between Helium and Neon atom? 9. What is the difference between the working principle of three level and four level lasers? Give an example of each type. 10. How a four level Laser is superior to a three level Laser? TUTORIAL SHEET: 3(c) (Module 3: Atomic Physics) 1. Distinguish between continuous X-radiation and characteristic X-radiation spectra of the element. 2. An X ray tube operated at 100 kV emits a continuous X ray spectrum with short wavelength limit ÃŽ »min = 0.125[pic]. Calculate the Planck’s constant. 3. State Bragg’s Law. Describe how Bragg’s Law can be used in determination of crystal structure? 4. Why the diffraction effect in crystal is not observed for visible light. 5. Electrons are accelerated by 344 volts and are reflected from a crystal. The first reflection maxima occurs when glancing angle is 300 . Determine the spacing of the crystal. (h = 6.62 x 10-34 Js , e = 1.6 x 10-19 C and m = 9.1 x10-31 Kg) 6. In Bragg’s reflection of X-rays, a reflection was found at 300 glancing angle with lattice planes of spacing 0.187nm. If this is a second order reflection. Calculate the wavelength of X-rays. 7. Explain the origin of characteristic X-radiation spectra of the element. How Mosley’s law can explained on the basis of Bohr’s model. 8. What is the importance of Mosley’s law? Give the important differences between X-ray spectra and optical spectra of an element? 9. Deduce the wavelength of [pic] line for an atom of Z = 92 by using Mosley’s Law. (R= 1.1 x 105 cm-1). 10. If the KÃŽ ± radiation of Mo (Z= 42) has a wavelength of 0.71[pic], determine the wavelength of the corresponding radiation of Cu (Z= 29). 11. The wavelength of LÃŽ ± X ray lines of Silver and Platinum are 4.154 [pic]and 1.321[pic], respectively. An unknown substance emits of LÃŽ ± X rays of wavelength 0.966[pic]. The atomic numbers of Silver and Platinum are 47 and 78 respectively. Determine the atomic number of the unknown substance. TUTORIAL SHEET: 4(a) (Module 4: Solid State Physics) 1. Discuss the basic assumptions of Sommerfeld’s theory for free electron gas model of metals? 2. Define the Fermi energy of the electron. Obtain the expression for energy of a three dimensional electron gas in a metal. 3. Prove that at absolute zero, the energy states below Fermi level are filled with electrons while above this level, the energy states are empty. 4. Show that the average energy of an electron in an electron gas at absolute zero temperature is 3/5[pic], where[pic], is Fermi energy at absolute zero. 5. Prove that Fermi level lies half way down between the conduction and valence band in intrinsic semiconductor. 6. Find the Fermi energy of electrons in copper on the assumption that each copper atom contributes one free electron to the electron gas. The density of copper is 8.94(103 kg/m3 and its atomic mass is 63.5 u. 7. Calculate the Fermi energy at 0 K for the electrons in a metal having electron density 8.4x1028m-3. 8. On the basis of Kronig – Penney model, show that the energy spectrum of electron in a linear crystalline lattice consists of alternate regions of allowed energy and forbidden energy. 9. Discuss the differences among the band structures of metals, insulators and semiconductors. How does the band structure model enable you to better understand the electrical properties of these materials? 10. Explain how the energy bands of metals, semiconductors and insulators account for the following general optical properties: (a) Metals are opaque to visible light, (b) Semiconductors are opaque to visible light but transparent to infrared, (c) Insulator such as diamond is transparent to visible light. 11. Discuss the position of Fermi energy and conduction mechanism in N and P-type extrinsic semiconductors. TUTORIAL SHEET: 4(b) (Module 4: Solid State Physics) 1. What do you mean by superconductivity? Give the elementary properties of superconductors. 2. Discuss the effect of magnetic field on a superconductor. How a superconductor is different from a normal conductor. 3. Discuss the effect of the magnetic field on the superconducting state of type I and type II superconductors. 4. What are the elements of the BCS theory? Explain the formation of Cooper pairs. 5. Explain the phenomena of Meissner effect and zero resistivity with the help of BCS theory. 6. The metals like gold, silver, copper etc. do not show the superconducting properties, why? 7. Describe the V-I characteristics of p-n junction diode. What do you understand by drift and diffusion current in the case of a semiconductor? 8. Explain the working and characteristics of a photodiode by using I-V curve. 9. Describe the phenomena of carrier generation and recombination in a semiconductor. 10. Define the phenomenon of photoconduction in a semiconductor. Deduce the relation between the wavelength of photon required for intrinsic excitation and forbidden energy gap of semiconductor. 11. Establish the relation between load current and load voltage of a solar cell. Describe the applications of solar cell in brief.

The Shock of Enslavement

African rulers began enslaving and selling their own people to Europe and other countries long before there was such a large demand for slaves in the early 1600s. Enslavement started out as punishment for crimes, but soon became a booming business for African rulers. English colonists who had a need for cheap labor decided to tap into the slave trade to find affordable plantation workers. Africans were taken against their will, tortured, and dehumanized in preparation for their journey into slavery. Africans of all social ranks ended up on slave ships. Some had been village leaders; some already slaves in Africa, members of chiefs’ families and the educated elite. They were kidnapped, separated from their families, branded like cattle, and made to march in chains to the coast where they would be confined in cages until there were enough of them to fill a ship. The slaves then boarded canoes to be ferried to the ships. Many became desperate and decided to jump overboard and drown rather than be carried off to an unknown destination. The voyage from Africa to North America was a six- to eight-week-long ocean voyage called the Middle Passage. Men were wedged below decks in spaces about 6 feet long, 16 inches wide, and 30 inches high. Women and children were packed even more tightly. The slaves were forced to stay below decks most of the time where the smell of vomit, blood, and other body fluids grew rancid. Some slaves went insane from the cooped up conditions, and hearing shrieks and groans of pain or dying. Others refused to eat. On many voyages, between 5 and 20 percent of the slaves died from disease and other causes. Those who survived the horrifying voyage endured the humiliation of being sold. Buyers generally preferred males and often looked for slaves from certain African ethnic groups, believing that some Africans would work harder than others. The process often involved being looked over for signs of disease, including being poked and prodded. Many terrified Africans thought they were going to be eaten. Being a slave in early American times would have been a horrible way to live. But that seems mild compared to the actual process of becoming a slave and enduring the horrific voyage overseas to America. We can only hope that time has healed some of the pain and suffering caused to all generations and races that have been enslaved throughout the years.Works CitedDavid Goldfield –[et al.]–(2009) The American Journey: a history of the United States, p.68-71 The Wikimedia Foundation (2010) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Passage

American Express Company Essay

American Express Company, sometimes known as AmEx, is a diversified global financial services company headquartered in New York City. Founded in 1850, it is one of the 30 components of the Dow Jones Industrial Average. At present, there are 58,300 employees worldwide working in American Express earning annual revenue of $24. 5 billion. Its assets are valued at $124 billion, with $620 billion in annual purchase volume on American Express Cards and $87. 9 million cards-in-force. Each day, American Express makes it easier, safer and more rewarding for consumers and businesses to purchase the things they need and for merchants to sell their goods and services. An engine of commerce, American Express provides innovative payment, travel and expense management solutions for individuals and businesses of all sizes. Most of all, it helps the customers realize their dreams and aspirations through industry-leading benefits, access to unique experiences, business-building insights, and global customer care. It enables its customers to do more and achieve more. The vision of American Express is to work hard every day to make American Express the world’s most respected service brand. â€Å"Living up to our values is our first priority. † They believe in three operating principles they are: Offer superior value propositions to all of the customers Operate with best-in-class economics Support the American Express brand American Express is the world’s largest card issuer by purchase volume. They process millions of transactions daily as the premium network for high-spending card-members. The American Express is also known for helping mall business owners succeed by delivering purchasing power, flexibility and financial control. Adding on to its roles American Express also provides commercial payment tools and expertise that help companies control their spending and save billions of dollars, offer marketing and information management insights that help merchants build their businesses. The American Express employees are customer loyal experts with industry-leading rewards programs and platforms. They operate the world’s largest travel network serving consumers and businesses and are recognized as the most innovative company in our industries. They are dedicated to serving their customers, 24/7, around the world. The Values which they operate on reflect who the company is and what it stands for as a company. They believe in Customer Commitment, Quality, Integrity, Teamwork, Respect for People, Good Citizenship, Will to Win Personal and Accountability. Human Resource Practices at American Express Being a service industry firm, the employees form the base of all its operations and so the company gives a lot of importance to its HR practices which starts from assessing the need for new employees or new recruits. At American Express it starts with Projecting head counts, Assigning requisition number, identifying relevant profiles and estimating the number of candidates. The recruitment process starts with projecting the head counts i. e. by assessing how many candidates are required at a particular point in time in various departments. As per the requirements identified for different departments the company assigns a Requisition Number which differentiates various job requirements from one other. The Requisition Number is a unique code assigned by the company to different jobs which consists of the job description, minimum requirement for the job and the selection criteria. American Express then identifies the profiles that are relevant as per the requirements given by the Requisition Number and then estimates as to how many candidates will actually appear for the selection process. The company uses different sourcing channels for identifying relevant profiles as per its requirements. American Express uses both internal as well as external sources of recruitment. The Internal sources of the company consist of Employee Referral and Internal Sourcing Team under which the HR department asks its employees to refer the suitable candidates as per the job requirement. A candidate selected via an Employee Referral leads to the Employees getting a specific amount as a form of reward for contributing a resource to the Organization. As a part of the External sources the company contacts with External Vendors and Consultants and also goes to colleges for hiring. Beside this the company uses Job Postings also by advertising in job portals like www. Naukri. com, www. monsterindia. com etc. American Express also uses Social Networking Sites for inviting application by posting on www. facebook. com and www. linkedin. com . Beside the electronic media the company also advertise in newspapers like Times of India and Hindustan Times. American Express, for certain type of jobs, also invites walk-ins. After deciding when to hire and selecting different profiles as per the job advertisement given, the company goes for recruitment. For the recruitment process American Express generally prefers face to face interview. Face to face interview is given preference because of the fact that American Express being a service firm needs to test a candidate’s personality , his/her body language as how the person carries himself/ herself and his attitude towards work and also how he/she interacts with people. Face to face interview besides acting as a platform for assessing an applicant on the above mentioned parameters also allows the company to check the data provided by the candidate. The decisions regarding entry level staffing depends upon the attrition level of the company at a particular period of time. The entry level staffing is done in the form of bulk hiring and contacts from employment agencies are also utilized for the same. Wherein the company sends the required qualifications along with the Requisition Numbers for the vacant positions and then these requirements are matched up with the available candidates’ profiles. American Express hires students from across Campuses of local colleges if they are invited for the same by that particular college for recruitment else they don’t go for hiring in campuses by their own judgement. The interviews are usually held on Fridays, but as the need may be, sometimes they are conducted on Saturdays and Sundays as well. The turn ups on weekend drive ranges from 300-350 for Non Voice Requirements and 150-200 for Voice Requirements. For executive hiring American Express has tie ups with employment agencies wherein experienced people are searched for the Organization. Along with executive hiring American Express is into head hunting as one of its processes for executive hiring to have talented pool of people for the organization. American Express also prefers people from IITs & IIMs for filling up their executive positions. In case of executive hiring American Express generally sells its profile to have good resources for the organization. Once the selection mode is finalized then the series of face to face interviews gets started as the further steps of selection process. Executive hiring is process which requires time duration of 3-4 months at least. American Express is into Bulk Hiring for Voice Process as well as Non-Voice Process. Apart from Bulk Hiring it is also into Executive Hiring. American Express follows a set process for conducting these various levels of interview. Since the number of turn ups for the Voice & Non-Voice Processes are largely high they avoid taking an initial HR Screening Process; the reason behind this is lack of time. The Requisition Numbers that they get have a deadline that need to be met hence a HR Screening Process becomes too time consuming so it is avoided in the cases of Bulk Hiring. American Express is very staunch when it comes to hiring any candidate per se. Hence they believe that a Face to Face Interview & interaction would be an ideal way to judge the candidate. The American Express has four Levels of Interview. First, Personal Introduction Round, where the candidate is required to give an elaborate insight into his Educational Background, his past Work Experience, a glimpse into his personality & the Attitudes and abilities he possesses. Next step is the Voice Assessment Test for Voice Process and the Written Test for the Non-Voice Process. Wherein the candidates are judged upon various parameters like, their Communication, Accent, Voice Modulation, Pronunciation, Vocabulary, Spelling, Grammer etc. The reason behind doing these tests is to find the right candidate for the right role i. e. f one would suit for a Voice or a Non-Voice Process. The third step is the Operational or the Technical Round. In this the candidate is assessed on the skills that they possess and that are crucial to meet that particular job requirements. The candidate is interviewed on his Technical competencies & abilities. Finally, they have something called the Offer Round. It is also called the Salary Negotiation Round. This round is all about the Compensation Discussion, a discussion between the HR Manager & the Candidate over the expected compensation & the industry set Compensation Level. Once this discussion comes to a pause a final compensation is decided and an offer is rolled out to the candidate. The Levels of Interview slightly differ in the case of Executive Hiring. The First step in Executive Hiring is matching the profile according to the Requisition Number. Here the one thing that we need to make a note of is the fact that, a stringent HR Screening Process is followed, where the HR Manager strictly follows an HR Screening Checklist, to check whether the candidate matches the requirement as has been mentioned in and by the Requisition Number and the Job Description. All the other levels and steps being the same the only difference lies in the fact that they do not take any Written Test or Voice Assessment Test. This Step is eliminated from the process of Executive Hiring. The reason being that, this level generally constitutes of Top Level Management Employees & Officials and their mode of operation differs from the base or Ground level Employees. Rest they go through the same levels and steps of the Interview Selection Process. American Express believes in On the Spot job offer for Bulk Hiring wherein once the interview process is completed the candidate is given an offer letter. Executive Hiring or Non Bulk Hiring Offer is rolled out in 2days. (Within which the Candidate’s Confirmation is required). When the company hires the candidates in bulk then the entire process of interviewing to offer takes around 2 days and after the completion all the selected candidates are offered a job-letter. To close each Requisition an Average of 2 months is required starting from the process of selecting the forms, short-listing the candidates then conducting group discussion and PI and finally closing up of interview takes around 2 months. Niche Skills and Top Level Security Profiles take approximately an average of 3-4months. The technical skills which are niche, uncommon and difficult in nature to find takes approximately around 3 months because in this the company looks for a specific quality which can be used for further growth and development of the organization. Profiles of Vanilla Skills take 2 months to close. The American Express conducts a thorough Criminal Background Check, education verification and work experience. All portions of the check are completed before the Employee can begin his/her employment with the Organization. These checks are often used by American Express as a means of objectively evaluating a job candidate’s qualifications, character, fitness, and to identify potential hiring risks for safety and security reasons. The Background check at American Express is also used to thoroughly investigate the Employees Background and past information in order to get a security clearance. So this background check is extremely crucial in American Express recruitment process. They give huge importance in the same. If any of the above mentioned criteria doesn’t match in this process or a failure to adhere to the background check norms could eventually lead to the cancellation of the Candidates offer and Blacklisting of the candidate. Wherein the company cancels the application of the candidate or the candidate’s selection is being closed. Information’s which are being written in the resume has to be genuine and should be according to the actual background, experience of the candidate and basically those perfect information reflects the personality & the ability of the candidate. It is very easy for the candidate to prove or perform the same on the spot and simultaneously differentiate himself as the able candidate for the respective post. The American Express out sources its Background Check process to various firms. These are Syndicate firms which does the background check for its new hires in return for a fee amount. The On-Boarding Process begins when Candidate joins them for an informative first–day orientation where they learn the ins and outs of American Express history and culture. On-Boarding involves integrating and acculturating new employees into the organisation and providing them with the tools, resources, and knowledge to become successful and productive. It is a 2 day process. On boarding includes orientation collection of documents such as the Experience Certificate or Letter, Reference Letter, Educational Documents, Identification Proof etc. Orientation at American Express is a social function which serves as a familiarization programme provided to new employees. It stands as a ‘getting to know us’ programme. So they give information about their policies and working culture means how to work with American Express. In this on boarding process the new joiners are also made to fill various forms such as the provident fund and gratuity. A Separate Training Department with group or individual training in specified areas focused on carrying out assignments connected with related field they are working in which helps in improving the skills and knowledge of the employees. Special training is given to all the candidates from Campus Recruits to Bulk Hires to Executives who are recruited. This training focuses mainly on the rules and regulations the company follows and what all are the objectives the company has to achieve. The Training Methods or Forms of Training that American Express uses are vast. It comprises of Formal Training, for all employees whether they are new hires of existing employees. All and one have to undergo a formal training session in American Express. Another form of Training that American Express follows is Lectures and Classroom Trainings where in the Employees obtain training in a traditional classroom environment as per their convenience and time. It provides the employees with an environment that includes a lab, an instructor, and a structured approach to teaching. Another mode of Training that it follows is Online Training. This method is generally used in case of training the Top Level Officials and Managers. American Express Values every second of its Employees time especially when it is related to the Top management because they are involved with the major operations of the organization. So instead of disrespecting their time by calling them for a classroom session it looks for their convenience. They take up their training programs online which is quicker, simpler and convenient for them. The next form of Training method that they apply is Questionnaire. Where in the HR Manager floats a Questionnaire to it Employees / Trainees and they collect their responses and give them the feedback. â€Å"An unusual method of training its employees but it tends to be more effective than classroom sessions† says Saumyajit K. Pal, HR Manager (MIS & Analytics), American Express.

American Government Exit

In our society, people are always being treated unfairly whether it is or is not intentional. In the book â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† by Harper Lee, the character Tom Robinson was a hardworking crippled Black man living in 1930’s America. He was convicted for raping a White young woman named Mayella Ewell. Throughout the course of the book, Robinson was consistently victimized by the citizens of his predominantly White town of Maycomb, Alabama. Tommy Lee Hines is a 26-year-old mentally retarded citizen of Decatur, Alabama living in America in 1978. He was convicted for the rape of a White woman.Hines is an unaware victim in the struggle for civil rights. Tom Robinson and Tommy Lee Hines are good examples of people who have been judged unfairly over things they could not control. Their race, ability to express themselves, and verdicts in their trails are reasons why they are targets of unfair judgement. Being a Black man in Maycomb, Alabama was difficult; Maycomb was a racist town with people who did not want the Blacks to be equal to the Whites. People discriminated Robinson’s race to the point where his race was what defined his character. The Whites in Maycomb had a mentality that all blacks were not to be trusted.This affected Tom Robinson because during his rape trial his lawyer, Atticus Finch states â€Å". . . You know the truth, and the truth is this: some Negroes lie, some Negroes are immoral; some Negro men are not to be trusted around women—black or white. But this is a truth that applies to the human race and to no particular race of men. † [Lee, 48] Atticus was trying to say that we need to judge people as individuals rather than by their race. Robinson’s race caused him to be discriminated against by the Whites in Maycomb, in particular Bob Ewell. Bob Ewell had seen that his daughter had kissed a Black man and was very upset.He said â€Å"I seen that black nigger yonder ruttin' on my Mayella! † [Lee , 84] Because Robinson was Black, his race made the issue all the more serious than if she had been caught with a White man. Robinson’s race affected his rights in the court. â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† was set in the 30s, which meant African Americans would not get full civil rights until thirty years later. This made things harder for Robinson because in an all-White court, he did not stand a chance. Like Tom Robinson, Tommy Lee Hines is also discriminated because of his race. In Hines’ case, there is not a clear description of the suspect who raped the woman.Other than the fact that he is Black, there is rather vague description. Hines is arrested in a case where it is a White woman’s word over a Black man’s. He happens to be at the wrong place at the wrong time. Similar to Robinson, Hines is also discriminated by the people in his town because of his race. In Decatur, there were people who do not want the freedom of Tommy Lee Hines or any Blac ks in general. The Ku Klux Klan threatened Hines’ church with bombs and make things harder for the Black community during the trial. They burn crosses in front of the church and yell threats.Hines unlike Robinson has people protesting for his freedom. Although Hines is discriminated because of his race, the Black community was very supportive of him; about 25 Blacks marched from Decatur to Cullman–a 35-mile journey–while 3,000 Whites stood on the side of the road, teasing and shouting at them. Both Robinson and Hines are to men who endure injustice they do not deserve because of their race. Tom Robinson could not express himself freely because the jury in his trial was full of prejudice people. Only one person testified that he saw the act and that was Bob Ewell, Mayella Ewell's father.Ewell wanted Robinson imprisoned and made up a story to â€Å"teach the Blacks a lesson†. â€Å"It's time somebody taught 'em a lesson, they were gettin' way above themsel ves, an' the next thing they think they can do is marry us† [Lee, 187] So he couldn’t saw what he wanted when everyone was against him. Like Robinson, Hines is also unable to voice his options freely because he’s mentally disabled. Hines has an IQ of 39 which is about the same as a 6 year old. Naturally, he wouldn’t be able to explain himself in the way that could have helped him in the case. In Tom Robinson’s trial, he was proven guilty; Robinson was innocent.In the trial it was said that Mayella Ewell had a bruise on the right side of her face, meaning that she had to be struck by someone left handed. â€Å"His left arm was fully 12 inches shorter than his right, and hung dead at his side. It ended in a small shriveled hand, and from as far away as the balcony I could see that it was no use to him. ‘Scout’ breathed Jem. ‘Scout, look! Reverend, he's crippled! ‘† [Lee, 186] This quote shows his innocence because Mayel la testified that Tom Robinson had punched her with his left fist to her right eye, but he clearly couldn't have: because his whole arm was crippled.In the story, Robinson explains the events that happened on the day of the supposed rape with the most details he can and there were no holes in his story that might suggest he is lying. This shows Mayella Ewell in a deceitful person, further proving Robinson’s innocence. Tom Robinson said in his testimony, â€Å"She reached up and kissed me on the side of my face. She says she never kissed a grown man before and she might as well kissed a nigger. She says ‘kiss me back nigger. ‘ I say Miss Mayella lemme outa here and I tried to run but she got her back to the door and I'd had to push her.I didn't wanta harm her Mr. Finch and I say lemme pass, but just when I say it Mr. Ewell yonder hollered though the window. † This shows that Tom wanted to leave Ewell's house but Ewell did not allow Tom Robinson to do so. It also shows that Robinson had no intention of doing anything sexual with Mayella. Like Tom Robinson, Tommy Lee Hines also has an unfair trial. In Hines’ case, the jury found Hines guilty and the judge sentenced him to 30 years of imprisonment. In the rapes, the suspect drove a car, returned the woman to her home, backed the car up and abandoned it.Steve Wynn, a friend of Hines, said â€Å"He can't even steer a bicycle. † Tom Robinson and Tommy Lee Hines are good examples of people who have been judged unfairly over things they could not control. Their race, inability to express themselves, and verdicts in their trails are reasons why they are targets of unfair judgement. The fact that people pick on those who cannot defend themselves is shallow and mean. Our world can be a much better place if we put aside the differences of others and embraced them as human beings. God intended for us to live harmoniously together on this earth.

Boundary Violations and Non pliance and Confidentiality

The boundary violation that we discussed in our group was concerning the mental health patients and the reactions of doctors. Boundary violations are disruptions of the expected and accepted social, physical, and psychological boundaries that separate physicians from patient (Falender and Shafranske, 2004). There is a therapeutic nexus between a doctor and a patient is emanating from the purpose of the therapy and whenever there is deviation from the basic goal of treatment, it is referred as boundary violation. Another boundary violation that we discussed involved the exploitation of the patient. Have you witnessed mental health nurses engaging in any of these? Occasionally mental nurses don’t respect the dignity of the patients, the trust created, often called the notion of trust or good faith is not asserted by the nurses (McAuliffe, 2005). The nurses go forth revealing the status of the sick persons to third parties without their consents. Difference between a boundary crossing and boundary violation? Explain. A boundary crossing is an aberration from classical therapeutic action that is non-exploitative, and possibly in-line with the therapy itself. Alternatively, the infringement of the boundary is destructive or hypothetically harmful, to the patient. It amounts to mistreatment of the patient. Equally, boundary infringement can originate from the patient or the therapist (Baca, 2011) Do you see any connection between this issue and the issue of Trauma Informed Care? There is a connection between boundary violations and trauma informed care. Trauma informed care approach is aimed at engaging persons who have previous records of trauma and make them recognize presence of trauma signs and appreciate the role the role played in their lives. The two are connected in the sense that they both deal with social, physical and mental aspects. Through these aspects, the munity can act caringly and take steps to ensure wellness (Elliott, at al.2005). Baca, M., 2011. Professional boundaries and dual relationships in clinical practice. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 7(3), pp.195-200. Elliott, D.E., Bjelajac, P., Fallot, R.D., Markoff, L.S. and Reed, B.G., 2005. Trauma?informed or trauma?denied: principles and implementation of trauma?informed services for women. Journal of munity Psychology, 33(4), pp.461-477. Falender, C.A. and Shafranske, E.P., 2004. Clinical supervision: A petency-based approach. McAuliffe, D., 2005. Putting ethics on the organisational agenda: The social work ethics audit on trial. Australian Social Work, 58(4), pp.357-369.